HOXC6 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: To explore how HOXC6 affects the malignant phenotype of ESCC cells, we introduced the HOXC6 gene into Eca109 and TE-10 cells via lentiviral-mediated transfection, generating cell lines stably expressing HOXC6 (Eca109-HOXC6 and TE10-HOXC6) as well as cell lines transfected with empty vector (Eca109-NEO and TE10-NEO).