VTN and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Our previous studies have demonstrated that LPLUNC1 might suppress NPC cell proliferation via inhibiting the Stat3 activation [10] or the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and cyclin D1/E2F pathways [9], and reducing NPC cell migration and invasion by interacting with VTN or VIM through suppressing the FAK-signalling pathway by disassociating the VTN/ITGAV complex [11].