RGMb is also reported to be expressed in some tumors such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer, and has varying roles;39–41 abnormal expression of neogenin has been found in pancreatic carcinoma, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gliomas, and breast cancer;50 BMP and its receptors are also implicated with many cancers22. This evidence concerns the gene NEO1 and exocrine pancreatic carcinoma.