INS and left ventricular hypertrophy: The pathogenesis of ASCVDs is thought to be related to a high Na intake, which may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis through the induction and activation of vascular endothelial dysfunction, the rennin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart rate, insulin sensitivity, lipid concentrations, and obesity [22,23,24].