Significant differences were observed in the mean plasma levels between the CRC patients and controls for 13 plasma cytokines, namely IL-4, IL-8, IL-9, IL-17A, Eotaxin, G-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, PDGF-BB, and RANTES (p < 0.05, Fig 1). Here, TNF is linked to colorectal carcinoma.