In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that there are associations between TLR4 rs1927911, rs12377632, and rs2149356 and glaucoma (POAG and NTG), while rs4986790 A/G and rs4986791 C/T strongly decrease the risk of POAG suggesting that TLR4 may play a role in glaucoma pathogenesis, which should be classified as a neuroinflammatory and autoimmune disease, and should be considered as a genetic marker for POAG. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is open-angle glaucoma.