Intracellular cytokine staining of murine LPMCs demonstrated that CD11b+CX3CR1+ cells (population A), comprising intestinal mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs), were the dominant source of IL-1β during colitis, with a minor contribution from neutrophils (Figure 3I), consistent with our analysis of human colonic scRNA-seq data, showing that IL1B expression is specific to the MNP cluster (Figure 2H). This evidence concerns the gene CX3CR1 and colitis.