The purpose of this review was to summarize and update the role of classic (MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC6) and currently tested (e.g., MUC13, MUC15, MUC16) mucins in pathogenesis of PLC, with explaining the mechanisms of their action in HCC carcinogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene MUC16 and hepatocellular carcinoma.