CASP8 and breast carcinoma: Along with MAP3K1, the pathway contained the significant genes CASP8, CFLAR, DAP3, and TNFSF10. All of these genes possessed single gene p-values less than 1 ⋅ 10−5 for association with breast cancer, while Ear Morphogenesis contained no such genes other than FGFR2. TRAIL Signaling as a mechanism has been studied extensively for its role in breast cancer [55], supporting our finding of a pathway-wide effect that extends past the most significant genes.