The involvement of DPP6 in diverse and independent cellular pathways including neurogenesis and neuronal excitability, could explain why loss of DPP6 was associated with autosomal dominant microcephaly with mental retardation [43] and other neurodevelopmental disorders, including Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS) [63] and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) [47]. Here, DPP6 is linked to Tourette syndrome.