This innate immune receptor mediates the assembly of the inflammasome complex in the presence of microbial ligands, triggering activation of caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD (2), but the detailed role of NLRP3 inflammasome in IBD is still debated. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.