Gene set enrichment analysis confirmed that the published in vitro TGFβ signature remained enriched in differentially expressed genes between the SSc dermal fibroblasts P4 after the 7-day assay and the healthy fibroblasts, suggesting that the pathway is still active in the 7-day culture assay (Supplementary Fig. 3D). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is systemic sclerosis.