Specifically, levels of the pVHL and RhoA were decreased, and the expression of HDAC1, CD44 (a cancer stem cell [CSC] marker), Snail, and vimentin (EMT markers) in normal hRECs and various renal tumor cell types (Caki-2, ACHN, and 798-o) was upregulated. The gene discussed is SNAI1; the disease is cancer.