To investigate the resistance mechanisms to aPD-L1 blockade, we analyzed two NSCLC patients’ tumors from the lesion which were relapsed to PD-L1 blockade therapy; one patient (JFCR-119) exhibited squamous NSCLC provided a partial response (time to progression [TTP] 9 mo) and another (JFCR-151) diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma had long stable disease (TTP 14 mo; Fig. 1 A). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.