Thus, the lack of CEACAM1-3S expression in early melanoma (stage I/II) followed by the dramatic increase in de novo expression of 86% in higher malignant stages (III/IV) highlights the underestimated role of CEACAM1 variants on individual biological cellular functions, and identified CEACAM1-3 isoforms, in particular the CEACAM1-3S, as potential biomarker to monitor melanoma progression [72]. Here, CEACAM1 is linked to melanoma.