VZV-infected monocytes, NK cells, NKT cells, B cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells from 2 different healthy donors were sorted using flow cytometry then washed with citrate buffer to remove any potential virus adhering to the cell surface that would not be transferred by a productively-infected immune cell as this is a commonly used method for ensuring productive infection by alphaherpes viruses [29]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and infection.