The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is expressed in normal lungs and is upregulated during inflammation and infection.[6–9] RAGE is a pattern-recognition receptor that binds multiple ligands, like amyloid beta (Aβ), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1), phosphatidylserine, S100A12, and AGEs.[10–15]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is infection.