While this is an area where future research could advance and improve current therapies like immunotherapy, uC might serve as a predictor for treatment response and relapse in the context of the inflammatory microenvironment in BC: In a previous study in BC patients investigating serum levels of S100A8 and S100A9 –the monomers of Calprotectin—its concentrations have already been shown to decrease postoperatively after TURBT [4]. This evidence concerns the gene S100A8 and breast cancer.