Clinical benefit of high CD8+ T-cell infiltration was found when cancer cells expressed HLA class 1 (pCR: 21.8% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.04) but not when HLA class 1 expression was lost or downregulated (pCR: 5.9% vs. 0%, p = 0.38). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is cancer.