GDF15 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Moreover, CpGs in the VMP1/MIR21 locus are also among the top hits in several previous EWAS, including chronic inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) [6], cardiovascular biomarker GDF-15 [7], obesity [8, 9], childhood-onset Crohn’s disease [10], and inflammatory bowel disease [11].