ALB and type 1 diabetes mellitus: We have also shown pro-inflammatory biomarkers and cytokines to be elevated in patients with Type 1 diabetes even at this young age, suggestive of a ‘chronic inflammatory’ response,20,21 as well as our ability to identify patients at high-risk of cardio-renal complications through the detection of early changes in renal function measured using of a standardized albumin-creatinine algorithm adjusted for age, sex, and duration of disease.22