MTOR and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Furthermore, we demonstrated that apatinib inhibited the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor, and markers of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which increased the levels of reactive oxygen species in vitro. Apatinib significantly inhibited the biological function of pancreatic cancer cells.