OA is the most prevalent joint disease costing approximately 1%–2.5% of the gross domestic product of developed countries.1 Greater than 75% of patients experience pain on a daily basis.2 Current standard therapies for pain relief, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are limited by their modest efficacy and long-term safety.3 In the last decade, nerve growth factor (NGF), a key pain sensitiser, has emerged as a promising target for OA pain. The gene discussed is NGF; the disease is arthropathy.