Cases with a definite pathological diagnosis of AD, FTLD-tau (PiD, PSP, CBD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), FTLD-TDP-43, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), metastatic melanoma, brain hemorrhages, and elderly controls free of neurodegenerative diseases were studied. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.