In this study, the AUC for the prediction of PCa with GS ≥ 6 based on FABP5 was 0.757 (confidence interval 0.570–0.994, p-value  =  0.027), whereas the AUC value for the prediction based on serum PSA was 0.593 (confidence interval 0.372–0.815, p-value  =  0.42). Here, FABP5 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.