The E/I imbalance is present and associated with cognitive impairment in mBACtgDyrk1a (transgenic for a mouse BAC containing the full Dyrk1a gene), hYACtgDyrk1a (trisomic for 5 genes), Ts1Rhr (trisomic for 33 genes), Dp(16)1Yey (trisomic for 140 genes), and Ts65Dn (trisomic for 122 genes orthologous to HSA21 genes and 60 genes not orthologous to HSA21). Here, DYRK1A is linked to Cognitive impairment.