A SOX2-bound neural enhancer within the Akt3 gene is connected to the Zbtb18 (ZFP238 in man) TF gene (Figure 3B), whose mutation causes microcephaly in man and mouse (de Munnik et al., 2014); in man, deletions including AKT3, or translocations separating AKT3 from ZFP238 (Boland et al., 2007) (Figure 3B) also cause microcephaly. Here, SOX2 is linked to microcephaly.