PARD3 and cancer: Previous studies have reported on the clinical significance of Pard3 in lung squamous cell carcinomas,12 breast cancers,7 renal cell carcinomas, and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.13 These studies showed that Pard3 is not only downregulated in these cancers but also a marker for poor prognosis and tumor aggressiveness, indicating that Pard3 plays a vital role in the progression of numerous tumor types.