PARD3 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: In recent years, many studies have reported that Pard3 is downregulated in various types of human cancers, including lung squamous cell carcinoma,12 pancreatic cancer,25 breast cancer26, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.13 However, other studies have reported that Pard3 may act as an oncogene in multiple cancers, including prostate cancer,27 squamous cell carcinomas28, and papillomas.29 Loss of Pard3 can affect both proliferation and apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells.30 It is still unclear whether Pard3 plays a suppressive or oncogenic role in glioma.