PARD3 and central nervous system cancer: Atypical PKC isoforms (aPKCζ) have been demonstrated to be involved in migration in many cancers.31 In human glioblastoma cells, it has been shown that reduction in aPKCζ inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion.32 These reports are consistent with our data, which indicate that Pard3 downregulation accelerates the migration of glioma cells.