The study showed that HC encapsulated nanoparticles effectively convert tumor associated M2 macrophage to M1 macrophage with reduced expression of IL-10, TGF-β, p-STAT3, MMP-9, MMP-2, and VEGF, along with elevated expression of IL-12 (pro-inflammatory cytokines) in 4T1 murine breast cancer cell line (178). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and neoplasm.