HPSE and neoplasm: Preclinical data on the anti-tumour effect of PI-88, were obtained in the Rip1Tag2 transgenic mouse model of pancreatic islet β-cell carcinoma, and in this system both the in vivo and ex vivo data were consistent with the anti-tumour effect of PI-88 occurring at least in part via inhibition of murine heparanase [34,35].