PPIB and infection: In this study, we found significant increases in CSF 14-3-3 protein isoforms β and γ in the second and third weeks after infection compared to the controls and those infected for 1 week, which was consistent with the severity of BBB damage as assessed using the Evans blue assay, hematoxylin and eosin staining and increased expressions of tight junctional proteins occludin and claudin-5 in Western blot analysis and IHC studies.