AR and prostate carcinoma: Among TTSPs overexpressed in cancer, TMPRSS2 expression in prostate cancer is regulated by an androgen response element in the gene promotor.22, 41 Moreover, gene translocations have been identified between the TMPRSS2 promotor and members of the E26 transformation‐specific transcription factor family, which disrupts normal androgen receptor signaling and activates tumor–promoting epigenetic programs.42, 43, 44 The human TMPRSS11F gene, encoding HAT‐L4, is located on chromosome 4 at the position 68053198‐68129869.