MPO and atherosclerosis: The anti-inflammatory effects of GYY4137 have already been shown in a variety of animal models including myocardial (Meng et al., 2015; Karwi et al., 2016; Qiu et al., 2018) and intestinal (Jensen et al., 2018) ischemia/reperfusion injury, LPS-induced endotoxemia (Li et al., 2009; Chen et al., 2016), atherosclerosis (Liu et al., 2013; Xie et al., 2016) and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (Cao et al., 2018), whereby GYY4137 was able to reduce myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon (IFN)γ.