Combination therapy consisted of a streptavidin-granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor surface-modified bladder CSCs vaccine with anti-PD-1 showed an increase in the population of CD4+, CD8+, and CD8+ IFN-γ+ cells and a strong induction of a specific antitumor immune response against bladder cancer [99]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is urinary bladder cancer.