As an example, Tang et al. implanted MSCs into an ischemic area of cardiac muscle tissue after myocardial infarction and found increased VEGF level, vascular density, and perfusion grade, whilst the rate of apoptosis was concomitantly reduced due to the secretion of bioactive mediators [35] and the direct conversion of MSCs into endothelial cells [16,36]. Here, VEGFA is linked to myocardial infarction.