IL13 and cystic fibrosis: We have confirmed these results finding TMEM16A is dramatically upregulated in the bronchial epithelium after IL-13 treatment and expressed on the apical surface of goblet cells, but also show that cynomolgus monkeys with allergic asthma have elevated TMEM16A staining within the submucosal glands (Figure 10), an upregulation also strikingly noted in submucosal glands of cystic fibrosis patients and cultured bronchial epithelial cells treated with bacterial pyocyanin or with a P. aeruginosa culture supernatant (Caci et al., 2015).