E2F1 and cancer: In detail, FOXO transcription factors have a tumor suppression function, control apoptosis by regulating E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) transcriptional specificity, enhance the transcription of the pro-apoptotic mediator phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1) and are usually lost in cancer cells32–34.