TNF and Parkinson disease: Inflammatory factors such as IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-6 [1] are founded in the SN, striatum, and cerebrospinal fluids of autopsy in patients with PD; meanwhile, the expressions of TNF-α receptors R1 (p55), bcl-2, soluble Fas, caspase-1, and caspase-3 are increased [16].