SYP and neuroblastoma: To better understand the apparent phenotypic change we had observed in the CgA knockdown neuroblastoma cells, we next evaluated expression of several N-type cell lineage markers, including growth associated protein (GAP43), synaptophysin (SYP) and tubulin beta 3 (TUBB3), and several S-type lineage markers, including Vimentin (VIM), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and basic calponin (CNN2) (Sugimoto et al., 2000).