On multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analysis adjusted for conventional risk factors (age, sex, education, systolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medications, prevalent cardiovascular disease and apoE ε4 carrier status), higher serum FGF23 was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.53) and AD (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04–1.69) per 1 standard deviation unit increment in inverse transformed value. The gene discussed is FGF23; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.