TIRAP and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: For TLR2/4, MyD88 adaptor‐like protein (MAL, or TIRAP) is essential for the recruitment of MyD88 to the Toll and IL‐1 receptor (TIR) domain of receptor.110 Our previous works have revealed the importance of TLR4 and its related pathways in the progression of NAFLD, suggesting that these could be utilized as promising medical targets.90, 111, 112 For other TLRs, such as TLR9 acting with unmethylated CpG motifs and TLR2 acting with peptidoglycan, more data are needed to determine their functions in the immune response and progression of NAFLD.