BIRC5 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: It has been shown that survivin over expression affects cell apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells, and activates translocation NF-κBp65 to the nucleus via maintaining a high expression level of inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase subunit β (IKKβ) and upregulating the phosphorylation level of IκBα via IKKβ (Zeng et al., 2016).