Several studies have pinpointed PEDF as a critical player in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including neuroprotection, angiogenesis, and inflammation.38, 39, 40, 41, 42 Interestingly, unbalanced vitreous levels of PEDF were found in patients with diabetic retinopathy,43, 44 and reduced levels of PEDF have been found in patients with CNV due to AMD.45 The gene discussed is SERPINF1; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.