Th1 cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) are associated with good prognosis in patients with HCC, whereas Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10) are related to tumor growth or metastasis4,5. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.