Several large scale phase III clinical trials have confirmed that activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (mutations in exons 18-21) in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) increases the tumor sensitivity towards EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as gefitinib, afatinib and erlotinib [1–5]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.