Further studies confirm that the presence of key bacterial species, Enterococcus and Barnesiella, is both necessary and sufficient to mount effective immune responses (such as induction of memory Th1 and pathogenic Th17 responses as well as increases in tumor-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) at tumor location, thereby compensating for limited efficacy of cyclophosphamide [197]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and neoplasm.