PNPLA2 and prostate carcinoma: When compared to NHPrE, PC-3 cells showed a 3–4 fold higher levels of both ATGL (PC-3 vs NHPrE: 136.6 ± 1.6 vs 35.6 ± 1.6; P < 0.001) (Fig. 1B) and DGAT1 (PC-3 vs NHPrE: 165.6 ± 1.5 vs 57.5 ± 1.6; P < 0.001) (Fig. 1C), indicating that in prostate cancer cells both lipolysis and lipogenesis are highly active.