GFAP and chronic kidney disease: The extent of GFAP-positive astrocytes was found to be perceptibly higher in the cortex, striatum, substantia nigra, and different regions of the hippocampus (Cornus Ammonis 1, Cornus Ammonis 3, and Dentate Gyrus) of the CKD mice, compared to the control (Fig. 13), which indicated increase in reactive glial cells in the brain of CKD mice.