However, in the striatum of the CKD mice, alterations in the activities of SOD (Fig. 12A) and Catalase (Fig. 12B), elevated lipid peroxidation (Fig. 12C), astrocytosis (Fig. 13), increase in NOS-active neurons (Fig. 14) and dysfunction of mitochondrial complexes (Figs 9, 10 and 11) were prevalent; while alterations in SOD (Fig. 12A) and Catalase (Fig. 12B) activities, and astrocytosis (Fig. 13) have been observed in the substantia nigra of the mice. This evidence concerns the gene NOS1 and chronic kidney disease.