It can increase surfactant proteins SP-A, SP-B, and SP-C, but at the same time hyperoxia causes loss of the immune defense and surfactant powers of the protein SP-A and may have an impact on the enzyme glycerol-3 phosphate acyltransferase, thus reducing the production of surfactant phospholipids (10) and potentially prolonging need of ventilator support and the risk to develop BPD. Here, SFTPA2 is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.