AKT1 and Insulin resistance: With regards to glucose metabolism, the knocking down of Sdf2l1 resulted in elevated plasma glucose levels in an ad libitum-fed state, systemic insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and impaired insulin signaling at the level of Akt after refeeding compared to findings for the mice treated with the control virus (Fig. 3c–f and Supplementary Fig. 6c).